RESUMEN
Se ha estudiado la interacción entre antígenos ABO y microorganismos, incluidos los presentes en la microbiota, sobre la posible acción de antígenos y anticuerpos ABO en la susceptibilidad a enfermedades infecciosas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el título mínimo de la bacteria Escherichia coli capaz de sufrir la acción bactericida in vitro de los anticuerpos humanos anti-ABO. La selección de las muestras de sangre utilizadas se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario, fenotipado sanguíneo (un voluntario de cada fenotipo ABO) y la titulación de anticuerpos ABO. Se preparó una suspensión bacteriana (inoculo) y se agregó al suero de los voluntarios, seguido de la inoculación en Mueller Hinton Agar, luego de 24 horas, los resultados se leyeron e interpretaron con análisis por duplicado. No hubo diferencia significativa en la Prueba Bactericida entre las pruebas 1 y 2 en los grupos sanguíneos A, B, AB, O y Control Positivo. Hubo una diferencia significativa en el suero humano puro cuando se analizó el Grupo A x Control Positivo; Grupo B x Control Positivo; Grupo AB x Control Positivo y Grupo O x Control Positivo. No hubo diferencia significativa en las otras diluciones. Se concluye que los anticuerpos anti-ABO tienen efecto bactericida cuando existe una alta concentración de bacterias en el ambiente.
The interaction between ABO antigens and microorganisms, including those present in the microbiota, has been studied about the possible action of antigens and ABO antibodies in susceptibility to infectious diseases. This research aimed to determine the minimum titer of the Escherichia coli bacteria capable of undergoing in vitro bactericidal action of human anti-ABO antibodies. The selection of blood samples was performed through a questionnaire, blood phenotyping (one volunteer of each ABO phenotype), and the titration of ABO antibodies. A bacterial suspension (inoculum) was prepared and added to the serum of the volunteers, followed by inoculation in Mueller Hinton Agar. After 24 hours, the results were read and interpreted with duplicate analysis. There was no significant difference in the bactericidal test between tests 1 and 2 in blood groups A, B, AB, O, and Positive Control. There was a significant difference in pure human serum when Group A x Positive Control was analyzed, Group B x Positive Control, Group AB x Positive Control, and Group O x Positive Control. There was no significant difference in the other dilutions. It is concluded that anti-ABO antibodies have a bactericidal effect when there is a high concentration of bacteria in the environment.
RESUMEN
The effects of Piper malacophyllum (C. Pesl) C. DC extracts and its isolated compounds were analysed in a mouse model of primary dysmenorrhoea (PD). Female Swiss mice (6-8 weeks old) on proestrus were intraperitoneally treated with estradiol benzoate for 3 days, to induce PD. Twenty-four hours later, animals were treated 24 h later with vehicle, plant extract, gibbilimbol B, 4,6-dimethoxy-5-E-phenylbutenolide, mixture of 4,6-dimethoxy-5-E-phenylbutenolide and 4,6-dimethoxy-5-Z-phenylbutenolide, or ibuprofen. One hour later, oxytocin was injected and the numbers of abdominal writhing were counted. Then, mice were euthanized and uteri were collected for morphometrical and histological analyses. The effects of P. malacophyllum in inflammation were investigated in mouse peritoneal neutrophils culture stimulated with LPS or fMLP (chemotaxis and mediator release). Finally, uterus contractile and relaxing responses were assessed. Similar to ibuprofen, P. malacophyllum extract and isolated compounds reduced abdominal writhing in mice with PD. Histology indicated a marked neutrophil and mast cell infiltrate in the uterus of PD animals which was attenuated by the extract. The compounds and the extract reduced neutrophil chemotaxis and inflammatory mediator release by these cells. Reduced TNF levels were also observed in uteri of PD mice treated with P. malacophyllum. The extract did not affect spontaneous uterine contractions nor those induced by carbachol or KCl. However, it caused relaxation of oxytocin-induced uterine contraction, an effect blunted by H1 receptor antagonist. Overall the results indicate that P. malacophyllum may represent interesting natural tools for reliving PD symptoms, reducing the triad of pain, inflammation and spasmodic uterus behaviour.
